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Astrocytic metabolic control of Orexin activity in the lateral hypothalamus regulates sleep and wake architecture

In conclusion, our results provide evidence for the importance of the astrocytic lactate shuttle in regulating sustained wakefulness. By using cell-specific downregulation of MCTs, we demonstrate that astrocytes are a major contributor to lactate export into the extracellular environment where it is available for uptake by orexinergic neurons, modulating their activity and ultimately regulating wakefulness.